Types of Simple Sentences

source : https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu./content/4_WritingSkills/writing_tuts/sentences_LL/simple.html

There are three main types of sentences. The first of these is called a simple sentence.

• A simple sentence has one independent clause and expresses one idea.

Example

• A simple sentence must have one subject - verb combination but the subject may be compound, ie have more than one element.

Example

• A simple sentence can also have a compound verb construction.

Example

Simple sentences can only have only one subject-verb combination and commas are not used. Below are some examples of the different combinations that you might find in simple sentences.

Examples

Read More

Changes of Adverb in (Direct speech --> Indirect speech)

 

 

Changes of Adverb

1. Today              : That day
2. Now                : Then
3. Here                : There
4. Tomorrow      : The next day
5. Yesterday       : The day before
6. This year        : That year
7. May                : Might
8. Ago                 : Before
9. Last night       : The night before
10. Last week     : The week before
11. Last month   : The month before
12. Last year      : The year before
13. Tonight         : That night
14. Next week     : The following before
15. Next year      : The following year
16. These             : Those
17. Over here      : Over here
18. This                : That

Read More

Example of Speech text

Peace

Good Morning.

    Before i begin my speech, i would like to invite you to thank with God the almighty who has given us mercy and blessing, so we can meet together in this blessing place.

the Honorable our speaking lecturer and all of my friends that i love. it be great to stand here in front of all of you to give a speech about "peace".

    According to Wikipedia peace is an occurrence of harmony characterized by lack of violence, conflict behaviors, and freedom from fear of violence. every people are created belonging and affection that is where the establishment of peace. But now, sense of affection and having each other aren't important things in this life. The important things in this world now are greed, power, and wealth that make peace will gradually disappear from the human heart. 

    Today, only strength and hardness that make they will get what they want.

Today, peace is just a fairy tale from ancestors to us.

And today, peace will be fade from the human heart.

    So, its time to us to build up the peace in our heart. Its time for us to realize that all people in this world are born to be loved not hurt. We must know that all people in this world entitled to be happy in their life through the peace. Grow our affection. like Ralph Waldo Emerson said that "peace can't be achieved through violence, it can only attained through understanding.

Ok, maybe that's all from me. I am sorry if i had mistake and thanks for your attention. Thank you.

Read More

British Idiom

 

 

British Idiom

a drop in the ocean

If an amount is a drop in the ocean, it's a very small portion of the amount that's needed.

a new lease of life 

If someone has a new lease of life, they have a new enthusiasm for living.

a piece of cake 

If you say that something is a piece of cake, you mean that it is extremely easy.

an axe to grind (2) 

If you have an axe to grind, you have a strong opinion about something and you express this opinion whenever you can.

another string to your bow 

If you have another string to your bow, you have another way of making a living.

at a loose end 

If you're at a loose end, you have nothing to do.

can't see the wood for the trees 

If you can't see the wood for the trees, you can't see the whole situation clearly because you're looking too closely at small details, or because you're too closely involved.

come a cropper ( INFORMAL)

If you come a cropper, you fall over, or you make a mistake which has serious consequences for you.

come up trumps 

If you come up trumps, you succeed in something that you may not have been expected to succeed in.

eat humble pie 

If you eat humble pie, you admit that you are in the wrong and behave apologetically.

go down a treat 

If something goes down a treat, it's a great success and everyone enjoys it.

itchy feet ( INFORMAL)

If you have itchy feet, you feel the need to go somewhere different or do something different.

jobs for the boys 

If you say "jobs for the boys" you're referring to the fact that people in positions of power sometimes use their power to give jobs to their friends or family members.

just the ticket 

You can say something is just the ticket if it's the perfect thing or if it's exactly what's needed.

make a song and dance about something 

If you make a song and dance about something, you make a big deal out of, or a fuss over, something that isn't very important.

off your own bat 

If you do something off your own bat, you do it without being asked to or told to.

right up your street 

If something is right up your street, it would be perfect for you or ideal for your skills and interests.

take the mickey | mick out of someone ( INFORMAL)

If you're taking the mickey out of someone, or taking the mick out of them, you're making fun of them or copying their behaviour for a laugh.

  um and ah 

If you "um and ah" you're having trouble deciding what to say, or you're having trouble telling somebody something.

  zebra crossing 

A zebra crossing is a pedestrian crossing that is marked on the road with painted black and white stripes.

 

Source : https://www.englishclub.com/ref/Idioms/British/index.htm

Read More

Compound Sentences

Compound Sentences

compound sentences is join with two simple sentences by using coordinating conjunction. they are and, so, but, or, yet, for, nor.

1. And : to joins the sentences that are like.
    Ex : I do love music and you do love music.

2. So : to joins the sentences when the second sentences expresses the result of something describe in the first sentence.
    Ex : Lisa gets toothache today, so she doesn't come in campus

3. But : to joins sentences that are opposite or shows contrast. 
    Ex : Amanda likes fruits, but Doni doesn't like those.

4. Or : to joins sentences that give choices or alternative.
    Ex : Rosa isn't cooking or Rosa isn't eating.

5. Yet : shows contrast or join opposite. We can use yet more often when the second part of the sentence says something unexpected.
    Ex : She didn't love him, yet she married him.

6. For : to give a reason or cause.
    Ex : some people are starting to leave, for the weather is beginning to change.

7. Nor : to joins 2 negative sentences.
    Ex : The rain isn't coming nor is the wind isn't blowing.

Read More

The Ways We Pronounce -Ed

The Ways We Pronounce -Ed

We can find -ed style in the simple past tense or past participle in the regular verb. I'm sure that all of you are confusing when you try to speak the verb which use that style.
ex : I cooked a cake for you.

we can pronounce the -ed in 3 ways:

• /ɪd/
• /t/
• /d/

If the base verb ends in one of these sounds		example base verb*	example with -ed	pronounce the -ed as	extra syllable?
/t/		want	wanted	/ɪd/	yes
/d/		end	ended
unvoiced	/p/	hope	hoped	/t/	no
	/f/	laugh	laughed
	/s/	fax	faxed
	/ʃ/	wash	washed
	/ʧ/	watch	watched
	/k/	like	liked
voiced	all other sounds, eg	play	played	/d/
		allow	allowed
		beg	begged

*Note that it is the sound that is important, not the letter or spelling. For example, fax ends in the letter x but the sound /s/; like ends in the letter e but the sound /k/.

Exceptions

The following -ed words used as adjectives are pronounced with /ɪd/:

• aged
• dogged
• ragged
• blessed
• learned
• wicked
• crooked
• naked
• wretched

So we say:

• an aged man /ɪd/
• a blessed nuisance /ɪd/
• a dogged persistence /ɪd/
• a learned professor - the professor, who was truly learned /ɪd/
• a wretched beggar - the beggar was wretched /ɪd/

But when used as real verbs (past simple and past participle), the normal rules apply and we say:

• he aged quickly /d/
• he blessed me /t/
• they dogged him /d/
• he has learned well /d/ or /t/

Source :https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/-ed.htm

Read More

General Strategies for the Listening Section

General Strategies for the Listening Section 

1. Be familiar with the direction.

Before you listen the section of your speaking, you must be familiar with the direction of those tasks.

2. Be familiar with computer adaptivity

it means that you will start with medium level question until the difficult one, these question will increase in step by step. so, you must be familiar about that.

3. Set the volume carefully before you start the listening section.

You have to set the volume to make you comfort and easy to get information from that section.

4. Dismiss the directions as soon as they come up.

you have to save your time to do the important things like try to be familiar with the options. So, you can dismiss the direction to save your time.

5. Listen carefully to the spoken material.

you will hear the spoken material one time only. You may not repeat the spoken material during the test.

6. Make calm yourself in the question.

you have to control yourself when the spoken material is played. 

7. Do not spend too much time on a question you are unsure of

if you truly do not know the answer, simply guess and go on. The computer will automatically move you into a level of questions.

 

Read More

Finding the Main Idea in Paragraph

Finding the Main Idea in Paragraph

 

Main idea is the point of paragraph. We can find that usually in the beginning of paragraph or the last of the paragraph . The main idea usually is a sentence. 

if we want to search  main idea we have to know the topic first, it makes you easy to find main idea of that paragraph. And this case, i want to give you the examples of the paragraphs and the main idea of those paragraphs.

Summer is a wonderful time to spend at West Beach. It is a beach with light- colored, soft sand. The coastline goes on for a long way and many people enjoy walking along it. Children like to play in the surf and walk along the rocks that are visible at low tide. This is a fun beach for people of all ages.

In this paragraph:   

• the topic is West Beach
• the main idea (what the writer is saying about the topic) is that summer is a wonderful time at West Beach
  
  
  (in this paragraph, the main idea in the first sentence.)
  
  
  
  

  Most teenagers and young adults do not know what they want to do for the rest of their lives. It is a big decision. There are a number of things you can do to narrow the choices. For example you can take an interest test, do some research on your own about a career, try volunteer work in the field in which you are interested, or "job-shadow", in which you spend a day with a person who is working in a field that interests you. These are just a few helpful ideas as you begin to choose a career.

   In this paragraph:
• the topic is jobs or career choices
• the main idea is a few ideas to help the reader choose a career
• 
  
  
  
  (in this paragraph, the main idea in the last sentence)
  
  

source of example : http://www.landmarkoutreach.org/publications/spotlight/finding-main-idea

Read More

American Idioms A-E

American Idioms

A

About time:
Nearly time, high time. ex. "It's about time you bought a new car!"
Absence makes the heart grow fonder:
Proverb that means that our feeling for those we love increases when we are apart from them.
(To) act high and mighty:
To act proudly and arrogantly. ex. "He has been acting all high and mighty ever since he chased away that burglar."
Actions speak louder than words:
Proverb meaning that's it's better to do something about a problem than to talk about it.
(To) act one's age:
To behave in a more mature way. Frequently said to a child or teen. ex. "Bill, stop throwing rocks! Act your age!"
(To) add fuel to the fire:
To make a bad problem even worse. ex. "He added fuel to the fire by bringing up old grudges while they were arguing."
(To) add insult to injury:
To make a bad situation even worse.
Against the clock:
To attempt to do something "against the clock" is to attempt to do something as fast as possible, usually in order to make a deadline. ex. "They were working against the clock to finish the project."

B 

To) be a fan of someone/ something:
To like, idolize, admire someone/ or something. ex. "I'm not a big fan of heavy metal music."

(To) be in one's element:
To be completely comfortable doing something; to do something that comes very naturally to someone. ex. "When it comes to speaking in public, the Senator is in his element."

(To) be up to no good:
To be planning something bad, mischievous, etc. ex. "I could tell from the look in his eyes that he was up to no good."

(To) beat around the bush:
To avoid getting to the point. ex. "Stop beating around the bush and tell me what you really think."

(To) beg to differ:
A polite way of saying "to disagree", most often heard in the phrase "I beg to differ!"

Behind (someone)
In the past. ex. "I used to smoke, drink, and take drugs, but all that is behind me now."

Believe it or not:
Used at the beginning sentence to state that something is true whether one chooses to believe it or not. ex. "Believe it or not, I still care for her." 

Big fish in a little sea:
A person who's famous/ well-known but only in an unimportant place (city or area).

(To have a) big mouth:
To not be able to keep a secret. ex. "Don't tell her anything. She's got a really big mouth."

Big-shot (noun/adjective):
An important person. ex. "All the big-shots at headquarters never listen to what we have to say."; "A big-shot reporter." 

C

 

(To) call it a day:
To end work and go home. ex. "Let's call it a day. It's getting late."

(To) carry a tune:
To be able to sing on key (accurately). ex. "She has an awful voice! She can't carry a tune."

(To) cash in on something:
To profit from something. ex. "The actor wanted to cash in on his popularity by opening a restaurant."

(A) catch:
When talking about wives, husbands, girlfriends, etc., people sometimes say "He's quite a catch" or "She's quite a catch", which means that the person in question is a great partner, or that it's good to be in a relationship with him/her (usually because of his/her personality, money, or looks).

(To) catch someone's eye:
To get someone's attention through eye contact.

(A) cheap drunk:
Also knows as "a cheap date". A person who becomes drunk after only one or two drinks. ex. "Victor had one gin and tonic and was already slurring - what a cheap drunk!"
 

D

To) drive someone crazy:
To make someone very agitated, upset, or emotional (either in a good or bad way).ex. "That teacher is so awful! He drives me crazy with his attitude."

(To) drop it:
To stop talking about something. ex. "I told you to drop it! I don't want to talk about it."

(To) drown one's sorrows:
To get/ become drunk. ex. "Drowning your sorrows won't solve anything."

(To) drop the ball:
To make a mistake. (WARNING: This idiom is overused in the business world). ex. "So it was John's fault? Yes, John really dropped the ball on this one."

(A) dream come true:
A great thing; a dream or wish that has become reality. ex. "Living in California is like a dream come true."

Down in the dumps:
Sad. Depressed. 

E

As) easy as pie:
Very easy.

Easy come, easy go:
PROVERB. Said to explain the loss of something that was very easily obtained in the first place.

Easy-going:
Tolerant; laid-back; relaxed. ex. "Bill is one the most easy-going guys that I know. He never gets upset about anything."

(To) eat one's heart out:
To be envious or jealous (used mostly as a command). ex. "Eat your heart out Frank, I'm going to Paris!"

(To) eat out of someone's hands:
To do whatever someone else wants. ex. "James would do anything for Vicky. She had him eating out of her hands."

(To) eat one's words:
To admit that what one said was wrong. ex. "You think I won't be able to find work in one week? I'm going to make you eat your words."

Elbow room:
Enough space (room) to feel comfortable.
 
Source : http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/americanidioms/lefgidioms_e.html

Read More

The Differences between Paraphrase, Summary, and Synthesis

The Differences between Paraphrase, Summary, and Synthesis.

in academic writing we can't put someone else idea without change the words with our own words or conclude it into the main information. we must make paraphrasing, summary, or synthesis in our academic writing if we use argument for someone else. in this case, I will show you the differences of paraphrasing, summary, or synthesis. 

1. Paraphrase
paraphrase is an activity to look at small part of the text and rewrite it in your own word.
ex :
Original sentence:
Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay, and they can consume 75 pounds of food a day.
Paraphrase sentence:
A giraffe can eat up to 75 pounds of Acacia leaves and hay every day. ( source of example: http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-paraphrasing-definition-examples-quiz.html ) 

2. Summary
Summary is an activity to look at the whole text and reduce it into a few sentences using your own word. 
ex :

                          Original

The amphibia, which is the animal class to which our frogs and toads belong, were the first animals to crawl from the sea and inhabit the earth.
Summary
The first animals to leave the sea and live on dry land were the amphibia. (source of example :http://www.uefap.com/writing/report/rep_sum.htm )

3. Synthesis
Synthesis is an activity to combine 2 information or more into a small sentences with your own words.
ex :
information A + Information B = Information AB

Read More